Friday, August 21, 2020
Financial Aid Essay Sample: Choosing Psychology or Credit Classes
Financial Aid Essay Sample: Choosing Psychology or Credit ClassesIf you are seeking or applying for financial aid, you need to write an essay that will prove to the admissions office of your school that you are a worthy applicant. Fortunately, you have several important choices when it comes to what type of essay you should use to demonstrate your ability to pay for college. These choices include taking psychology classes or applying for scholarships.I have been asked by many people why they should opt for a psychology course over taking college grants. Psychology has some benefits. For example, most psychology classes cover the psychological aspects of personality and behavior, and how these relate to all sorts of situations. This makes it a great choice if you are not very good at applying the natural sciences of learning to real life situations.On the other hand, you may want to choose a more traditional route in applying for financial aid application essays, such as using scholar ships as your main application method. But, is this really an option?Psychological studies can be very challenging. They involve a lot of time and effort and require a good grasp of the subject matter. Many students do not think that these types of students are truly ready to enter college, so choosing psychology as your main source of essay samples may be the right move.Taking a psychology class also allows you to write a short essay that will contain fewer technical terms and complex theories. It can help the admissions officers of your school to see that you are familiar with the topic and that you understand the content of the class, but most importantly, it will make your college application essay look professional.Unfortunately, choosing to take one of the top grades in your psychology class as your college financial aid essays is not a good choice. You will find that your chances of being accepted for college are very low if you do this. The reason is that the admissions offi cers are looking for someone who is a better writer than you are.I often give students who get the top grades in their psychology class the option of writing a standard essay that I provide them. However, in the long run, I would rather give them the opportunity to use financial aid essay samples to show that they are able to apply the principles of the natural sciences of learning to real life situations.At the end of the day, choose either a psychology class or credit courses that deal with the study of personality and behavior. At the end of the day, this is what will show the admissions office that you are a real student and that you have a real interest in studying psychology.
Monday, May 25, 2020
Friday, May 15, 2020
Basic Conditions of the Employment Act in South Africa Essay
ïÆ'Ë BASIC CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT ACT The basic conditions of employment act helps regulate and set out the rights and duties of both parties involved. The act helps make sure employers meet the basic standards of employment in terms of working hours, leave, and remuneration, leave and dispute resolution. The BCEA applies to all employers and employees except for members of the South African national defence force, national intelligence agency, South African secret service, unpaid volunteers and persons employed at sea. WORKING HOURS â⬠¢ It is generally expected for employees to work 45 hours a week, the conditions for working hours must be agreed upon. â⬠¢ Max of 9 hours in a five-day working week â⬠¢ Max of 8 hours in a 6 or 7 day working weekâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¢ The acts and policies that were changed and amended in the world of work specifically to strike a balance between blacks and whites within the working environments include the Broad Based Economic empowerment and affirmative action. These acts were mainly based at giving first preference to people of colour or previously disadvantaged groups in order to correct and compensate for past inequalities. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION â⬠¢ Affirmative action was put in place to ensure that suitably qualified employees from previously disadvantaged groups have equal opportunities in all occupations and levels in a workforce. â⬠¢ Affirmative measures include identifying and getting rid of barriers that impact designated groups, promoting diversity, accommodating people from designated groups in the workplace, development and training of designated groups â⬠¢ BROAD BASED BLACK ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT BEE is a broad approach to de-racialise the countryââ¬â¢s economy and the fast tracking of previously disadvantaged groups into the South African business market. BEE is a process that needs all economic sectors in South Africa to work together. Each economic sector is responsible for a charter that describes their current working environment and are required for fulfilling BBBEE. BEE aims to do the following: â⬠¢ Increasing the number of black owned enterprises â⬠¢ The development of human resource and skills in previously disadvantaged communities â⬠¢ Achieving equalShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Globalization1678 Words à |à 7 Pageswhich is commonly referred to as a global village (Egnatz, 2011). South Africa is integrated highly into the world economy. South Africa is the strongest African economy and has attained positions like being a member of G8 .All these are as a result of globalization. Globalization has had an impact on the economy, the government and social nature resulting to some effects. The paper will look at how globalization has affected South Africa under several categories. It will also give an explanation onRead MoreYouth Unemployment in South Africa1611 Words à |à 7 PagesSouth Africa aches with a chronic case of youth unemployment. The condition is appalling and the youth are on edge. Government has established numerous policies or interventions to tackle the problem and create employment. However each policy discussion to address this issue has encountered firm oppositions from various stakeholders. For example, one of South Africaââ¬â¢s leading trade unionââ¬â¢s strongly opposed the Employment Tax Incentive (ETI) or Youth Wage Subsidy proposed by government. This essayRead MoreChallenges Faced by Trade Unions1442 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Å"Black labour unions in south Africa are of great value to policy makers who recognize that the industrial work force has often served as a catalyst for political progress and social change in the developing world. It was not uncommon for leaders of the independence movements to have come out of the ranks of organized labor, the trade unions were training grounds and early vehicles of political expression as they were often the only form of organized activity permitted by the colonial authoritiesRead MoreThe Protection For Women s Employment And Health During Pregnancy Essay1683 Words à |à 7 Pagesnew era of labour rights. No longer may employers unfairly discriminate against workers on the basis of gender or sex. Unfair treatment or dismissal on this basis amounts to gender discrimination. Legal pressure is important to protect womenââ¬â¢s employment and health during pregnanc y. Among the complexities of gender equality is the question as to what extent our society adopts fairness when dealing with pregnancy of women in the workplace. Although the legislature has implemented many initiativesRead MoreThe Anti Apartheid Movement And The Libyan Revolution1659 Words à |à 7 Pagespolitical organizations change over time. Such was the case in the societies of South Africa in the twentieth century and Libya in the twenty-first century. In Libya, Muammar Gaddafi overthrew King Idris, the previous ruler, and sought to create an Arab nationalist state while repressing civil liberties. However, the Arab Spring impelled the Libyan people to finally rebel against Gaddafiââ¬â¢s repressive policies. In South Africa, the Nationalist Party, elected in 1948, enacted a policy of systematic racialRead MoreBenefits Of Economic Globalization On South Africa Essay1346 Words à |à 6 PagesGVPT200-Essay II South Africa has reaped the benefits of economic globalization first hand as it has emerged to become a major economic power in Africa, especially in recent years. This country has been infamously plagued by apartheid, an inhumane policy of segregation based on grounds of race, which also had economic consequences as trade sanctions were established in 1986 by the United States in response to South Africaââ¬â¢s policy of apartheid. However, apartheid ended in the 1990s and the South AfricanRead MoreThe Four Main Economic Systems and Their Application in South Africa1426 Words à |à 6 Pageswill the production take place? Economic systems donââ¬â¢t always work accordingly but often so vast and complicated but on the contrast its working out just so marvellously. The four main economic systems are: Traditional, Command, Market and Mixed South Africa has come a long way since the days of apartheid, from being a country living within sanctions to evolving to a mixed economy. It has become too diverse that citizens are liberated into certain economic activities of their choice. Everyone is entitledRead MoreTo what extent is reducing the number of people living in absolute poverty sufficient to achieve economic growth and development?1222 Words à |à 5 Pagespoverty sufficient to achieve economic growth and development? Absolute poverty measures the number of people living below a certain income threshold or the number of households unable to afford certain basic goods and services. Much of the poverty in developing countries, such as South Africa, tends to be absolute poverty. Economic growth can be defined as steady growth in the productive capacity of the economy. Short term growth is measured by the annual percentage change in real national outputRead MoreWhatà ´s Occupational Environment?2392 Words à |à 10 Pagessetting (United States Office of Personnel Management, 2006). The South African labour environment and workplace has undergone a wide range of transformation since apartheid laws until the successful implementation of employment equity policies. In order to understand the full impact of change in the work and occupational environment, the history of the South African history, the industrial revolution as well as the change in South African labour legislation were explored. Several factor have anRead MoreSample Resume : Employment Contract2186 Words à |à 9 PagesAddressed to: Teachers at St Alex Topic: Employment in South Africa Employment contract: See appendix A According to Small business Encyclopedia, an employment contract is ââ¬Å"an agreement entered into between an employer and an employee at the time the employee is hired that outlines the exact nature of their business relationship, specifically what compensation the employee will receive in exchange for specific work performed. First, the advantages. An employment contract can help you attract and retain
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
How Martin Luther King would have Viewed Comments about...
If Martin Luther King Jr. was still alive today, he would not agree with a lot of social justice issues of our present times. Martin Luther King would be proud of how far we have come from his time and day. Mr. King was a man of peaceful dealings and longed for interracial equality. He had great moral standards and was an incredible hero of the nineteenth century. Recently in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, there have been many controversial things said and done that Mr. King would have frowned upon; for example, the speech given by the mayor of New Orleans, Ray Nagin, at a celebration of Martin Luther King day in New Orleans on January 16, 2006. The mayor said many controversial remarks which seemed to be extremely racist inâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In his speech he pointed out some irony of the cause for the war and the state at which America was living in at this time. Mr. King said, We were taking the black young men who had been crippled by our society and sending t hem eight-thousand miles away to guarantee liberties to Southeast Asia which they had not found in Southwest Georgia and East Harlem and so we have been repeatedly faced with the cruel irony of watching Negro and white boys on television screens as they kill and die together for a nation that has been unable to seat them together in the same schools. Since hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans on August 29, 2005, there have been many relief efforts and many donations to aid its victims. The people of New Orleans are still not as a whole completely satisfied with what has been done to help them. In New Orleans on January 16, 2006, there was a celebration in remembrance of Martin Luther King Jr., and on this day the mayor of New Orleans, Ray Nagin, gave an extremely controversial speech to the public that might have very well ended his career in politics for good. The mayor gave his speech to talk about the rebuilding of New Orleans. In his speech he referred to New Orleans as the Chocolate City. He used this metaphor repeatedly and proclaimed New Orleans would be chocolate again. Other parts of the speech were controversial as well especially to New Orleanians; Nagin said I do not care what people are saying uptown orShow MoreRelatedCOMM292 Case Studies23202 Words à |à 93 Pagesnot at all sure how to do so. Perhaps de scribing the situation to his fellow peer mentors in his second-year elective class on managing teams would draw out some good ideas. In his mind, Marshall could hear himself explain the story: Let me first describe the team members. Essentially, they were all around 26 years of age, athletic, and had professional backgrounds in finance or economics. Iââ¬â¢ll start with Tom Giffen, who was a self-professed introvert and who was passionate about the Chicago CubsRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words à |à 1186 Pages(alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-07-340334-2 (alk. paper) 1. Project management. 2. Time management. 3. Risk management. I. Gray, Clifford F. II. Gray, Clifford F. Project management. III. Title. HD69.P75G72 2011 658.4904ââ¬âdc22 2009054318 www.mhhe.com About the Authors Erik W. Larson ERIK W. LARSON is professor of project management at the College of Business, Oregon State University. He teaches executive, graduate, and undergraduate courses on project management, organizational behavior, and leadershipRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words à |à 1056 PagesUnderstanding Cultural Environments 4 The Changing World of Technology What Is a Knowledge Worker? 6 How Technology Affects HRM Practices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee Rights 7 Motivating Knowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 Decentralized Work Sites 8 Skill Levels 8 A Legal Concern 8 Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve Employees 20 Employee Involvement Implications for HRM 20 Other HRM ChallengesRead MoreErp Sap Research Paper46896 Words à |à 188 PagesPRENTICE HALL MA NAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS TITLES MIS: Brown/DeHayes/Hoffer /Martin/Perkins, Managing Information Technology 6/e à © 2009 JessuplValacich, Information Systems Today 31e à © 2008 Kr oenke, Using MIS 21e à © 2009 Kr oenke, Experiencing MIS à © 2008 Laudon/Laudon, Management Information Systems 10le à © 2007 Laudon/Laudon, Essentials of Management Information Systems 81e à © 2009 Luftman et aI., Managing the IT Resource à © 2004 Malaga, Information Systems Technology à © 2005 McKeen/Smith
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Analysis on Movie Water free essay sample
In my opinion, Deepa Mehta is a courageous and bold director to produce a movie ââ¬ËWaterââ¬â¢ which is intended to affront the tradition and living style of Indians back then. She displays how every character brings up almost perfectly similar kind of stance which is because of the doctrine and beliefs that have been set in their minds for a long period of time. The practice inherited from one generation to another generation which later becomes the tradition of Indian community. I could see how every widow refuses and rebuffs changes; which they are forbidden to marry again as a result of believing in they themselves bring unluckiness or bad luck to others. In fact, other women either married or not, they will never want to touch or to be touched by any of the widows, or else they will also turn to be bad luck. I could never help myself to understand the solid reasons for this kind of attitude, but to only believe in them (the Indians) are brought up with religious beliefs though it merely looks as women oppression. Reema (2009) documented this fact on her blog; in chapter 5, verse 1560-1611 of Dharamshastras, the Hindu sacred texts, Manu wrote: ââ¬ËA widow should be long suffering until death, self-restrained and chaste. ââ¬â¢ ââ¬ËA virtuous wife who remains chaste when her husband has died goes to heaven. ââ¬â¢ ââ¬ËA woman who is unfaithful to her husband is reborn in the womb of a jackal. ââ¬â¢ Based on the verses above, it is indeed, Indian women are too much looking up on what Indian text contains. Nevertheless, I find this very contradicting to one another. The widows keep saying that they fear God; unfortunately, their action is not more than making them imprisoned in a small cage that will never enable them to see and view things in bigger scope. Why canââ¬â¢t just they accept changes that could possibly lead them to a better life? This is because putting blames on God is a mere blasphemy. As a matter of fact, I personally do not know what Indian religious text teaches, and not knowing those facts only makes it harder to reveal the truth. However, I suppose, every religion on this earth will always teach its believers to not bring their own self down. Therefore, there are few questions that we need to ponder; if women are born only to be oppressed, insulted and even to be buried alive in some cases, what is Godââ¬â¢s ultimate objective of creating this gender in the first place? If we believe in Godââ¬â¢s power, why must we blame widows for their husbandsââ¬â¢ death? If only we could have empathy feeling, what and how would we feel and react if we are in the widowsââ¬â¢ shoes? And, will married men receive the same fate if their wives are dead? For all of these questions, I think, what Deepa does, makes me nods my head. Apparently, Narayan is created to become a hero of this film though Deepa inserts a situational irony towards the end of the film. The situational irony is depicted clearly when Narayanââ¬â¢s father tells him that he is not a hero of the epic play, who is ready to wage war for love. I am delighted to see how Narayan inherits his fatherââ¬â¢s liberal thinking in much more positive way compared to his father himself. It is really a symbol of respect and appreciation to Indian widows in this film when he proposes Kalyani to be his wife. In fact, to fall in love with widow has already shown respect. At least, he knows how to value Godââ¬â¢s creatures without having to offend Godââ¬â¢s laws. Somehow I feel that Asians, generally, also have similar kind of attitudes; too much preserve the tradition and sometimes disguise as tradition or beliefs. In order to support this view, I quote Narayanââ¬â¢s saying which can be found towards the end of the movie; ââ¬Å"One less mouth to feed. Four saris saved. Disguise as religions, itââ¬â¢s all about money. â⬠Perhaps, it is Asiansââ¬â¢ attitude to put the blames on other factor when they themselves who cause the troubles. In this movie, the Indian women make a scapegoat of their religions instead of admitting that their faith is too strong to be amended up to the point they cannot realize that their practices never benefit them. Changes can be made at any time as long as it is for the sake of our happiness. However, how can Indian women in this movie pursuit their happiness when they think they are deemed to suffer after their husbandsââ¬â¢ death as a symbol of devotion to husband? Frederick and Mary (2012) documented on their blogs regarding Deepaââ¬â¢s response upon the significance of water in this movie. Deepa said, ââ¬Å"Water can flow or water can be stagnant. I set the film in the 1930s but the people in the film live their lives as it was prescribed by a religious text more than 2000 years old. Even today, people follow these texts, which is one reason why there continue to be millions of widows. To me, that is a kind of stagnant water. I think traditions should not be that rigid. They should flow like replenishing kind of water. â⬠I personally agree that traditions should not be rigid. It can be changed as long as we never forsake our solid ground, forgetting of who we are and where we are from. We are born to seek and to create a better life, guided by religions to ensure that we do not go astray. If accepting changes are simply called defiance, what should women oppression be called? I am clueless. On the other hand, I understand that water is the element of purity in this movie. It is shown that all Indians come to the bank of Ganges River to clean their bodies from sins or bad luck in particular. Similarly, in Islam, Muslims need to take wudhuââ¬â¢ before performing prayers. This wudhuââ¬â¢ aims to ensure that Muslims are clean from dirt or small sins. I am very much pleased to watch the ending of this movie, in reality. Shakuntala Didi, who has been a widow for quite a long time, saves the little girl Chuiya from being forced into prostitution by the head of ashram, Madhumati. Didi passes Chuiya to Narayan and asks him to make sure that Chuiya is in Ghandijiââ¬â¢s care. It is a powerful moment that the film ends with Didi gazing directly at the camera. Through her haunting eyes, Didi makes a desperate plea that something needs to change. By saving Chuiya, I believe, one generation can be saved from the insignificant tradition. Chuiya is the youngest widow at the ashram and she is not supposed to spend her whole life at the ashram. Children at her age should be playing around, eating ice creams or asking parents of what life is. I am depressed to know the fact that Chuiya gets married at eight years old, the age that she knows nothing. Chuiya does not even remember when she gets married and surely, does not even understand what marriage is. How can she play her role as a wife? At least, Chuiya can make differences to other Indian widows when she is set free. She can tell how she really wants to return to her mother but she cannot. She also can tell how she adapts to dreary rhythms of her days at the ashram. I also believe that Deepa chooses to end this film as such is to nurture acceptance and appreciation among the Indian women. In an effort to make changes, there must be someone who dares to speak the truth. Similarly, Deepa desires to stop this stagnant tradition among Indian women by directing this movie. Though she receives great opposes from Indians until she has to set this film in Sri Lanka, her movie receives a worldwide attention and supports. I am also glad to watch a scene which Didi is speaking to the priest whether widows should be treated badly in the Holy Scriptures. In my point of view, Didi seeks the truth and starts thinking about widowsââ¬â¢ fate. In the journey of seeking the truth, Didi starts accepting reality that widows also have rights. When she knows that there is a law is recently passed favouring widows to remarry, she straight away finds and sets Kalyani free from the ashram. She allows Kalyani to get married with Narayan even though Madhumati disagrees. Her thoughts and stance become more firm when she listens to Ghandhiââ¬â¢s saying that truth is god instead of God is truth. In conclusion, it is difficult to assimilate the Indian widowsââ¬â¢ practice of living at ashram and not remarrying with other Indian men into our modern world. This is due to the ascending feminism and focus on the equality and human rights between men and women all over the world. Undeniably true, the practice still occurs up to the present day and is still regarded by some Hindus as the ultimate form of womanly devotion and sacrifice although it has been outlawed and illegal in todayââ¬â¢s India. Cassandrah (2006) argued that if one really believes in equality, one should show compassion just as equally. Do not get fixated on the small picture. Why is this so? This is because the real issue here is about human dignity- not just womenââ¬â¢s, but every single human being. As humans we need to treat each other better, regardless of race, gender, culture, spirituality or religion, age, social groups or intelligence. Equality does not necessarily mean equal in every aspect of life. Rather, it is about being treated and respect toward women. Watching this movie actually makes me thinking a lot, I question; are women to weak to stand up and fight for freedom and rights? I do not mean to say that women are powerful compared to men. Instead, I mean to tell that women and men are two-sided coins that complement each other. Again, if women are born to be oppressed and to prove that men are protected from such ill fated, I believe God is being unfair; and what Ghandi says is absolutely correct; truth is God not God is truth. REFERENCES
Sunday, April 12, 2020
John Keats-ode to autumn Essay Example
John Keats-ode to autumn Paper This is the last poem Keats wrote and is an ode, which is a lyric poem addressed to a person or thing and deals with one main idea. The romantic poets like Wordsworth, Shelley and Keats used this form of poem a lot. The Romantics wrote of many things in their poems and believed their emotions and their imagination were very important. In this poem the main subject is autumn which Keats relates to love, death and immortality (Romantics were interested in these areas). He describes Autumns rich images and uses them as symbols for his own feelings. Keats uses a mature language to convey a Romantics view of Autumn and nature. In the first stanza we are straight away led into the idea of something which is warm, pleasant, smooth and full of richness autumn.. The word autumn is never used except in the title so we only know its autumn because of the way Keats paints us a picture with words. With words like mellow and fruitfulness being used. Keats then talks of the sun and how it ripens everything in a completed and full way, And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core.. This shows how Keats believes autumn begins and summer ends, with the growth and ripeness of fruit and plants. He uses detailed, complex and innovative language to describe a maturing and full Autumn. For example, when talking about the ripening fruit of autumn And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core and To swell the gourd and plump the hazel shells. The use of those words swell and plumpin this context presents a very real picture. He shows use a summer leaving and a Autumn entering in abundance and an idea of love. The line .. later flowers for the bees, Until they think warm days will never cease, shows how autumn can come slowly in with warm sun and late flowers such that the bees may think it is still summer. Maybe this all relates to Keats and shows he had reached the ripest point of his career. The second stanza is Autumn described in a very strong way and shows us very visual ideas. Keats in this stanza represents Autumn as a person or spirit using words such as seated, sleeping and watching which are all things one does. For example, in the lines Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find. We will write a custom essay sample on John Keats-ode to autumn specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on John Keats-ode to autumn specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on John Keats-ode to autumn specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Thee sitting careless on a granary floor, Thy hair soft-lifted Keats clearly shows autumn as a person, using the pronoun thee and words such as careless which can only apply to people. Another example is when he writes: Steady thy laden head across a brook; Or by a cider -press with patient look with the word patient clearly a human quality. This personification is very good at getting across the feeling of an autumn day the furrows are half-reaped there is a winnowing wind but it is not cold and bitter like winter because he writes they hair soft lifted by the winnowing wind. In this second stanza, he also shows what Autumn has and brings its characteristics and occupations. This stanza has a feeling of contentment and yet impermanence, the cider reaches its last oozings and the harvest is finishing while thy hook spares the next swath . Autumn reaches its peak but the peak is slowly fading. Talk of drugs to ease pain was mentioned Drowsed with the fume of poppies. This was linking with one of the Romantics pastimes but maybe also the pain-relief for Keats. He describes corn being hooked and cider being pressed. All of this stanza may again relate to Keats life as he knew of his illness and death was beginning to enter his thoughts. The last stanza is important and uses brilliant and poetic language with Keats showing his joy in words. Music is an important topic here with with Keats claiming that, like spring, autumn has its own music .. thou hast thy music too and he used words such as choir, sing, soft, treble and twitter. The gnats are a wailful choir; the hedge-crickets sing and now with treble soft, The redbreast whistles. But also there is a contrasting and somewhat overpowering topic of death and winter. This is portrayed in lines such as While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day, and Then in a wailful choir, the small gnats mourn telling us they are about to die. The stanza hints at eternal beauty present which Keats was interested in and searched for in the lines hedge crickets sing redbreast whistles gathering swallows twitter and full grown lambs bleat we are given a picture of life . I like his description of how the sinking sun touches the stubble-plains with rosy hue. The last five lines in the stanza stand out with sounds combining to give a low drone and feeling of time. The stanza gives a feeling of rising and falling in comparative ways as it leads into winter a cold and dark month. The swallows are gathering getting ready to leave for warmer countries and the clouds bloom the soft dying day . The winter relates to Keats as he was near death and Im sure he thought very deeply as he wrote the last stanza. The whole poem presents a different and very imaginative view of nature. The poem has a varied rhythm similar to a sonnet and it is very interesting how the poem is still full of richness even thought only one simile was used .. like a gleaner . This poem shows Keats as a Romantic and shows his skill at describing his life in terms of nature and at the same time bringing to life a picture of an English autumn. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Keats section.
Tuesday, March 10, 2020
TreeView With Check Boxes and Radio Buttons
TreeView With Check Boxes and Radio Buttons Theà TTreeViewà Delphi component (located on the Win32 component palette tab) represents a window that displays a hierarchical list of items, such as the headings in a document, the entries in an index, or the files and directories on a disk. Tree Node With Check Box or Radio Button? Delphis TTreeview doesnt natively support checkboxes but the underlying WC_TREEVIEW control does. You can add checkboxes to the treeview by overriding the CreateParams procedure of the TTreeView, specifying the TVS_CHECKBOXES style for the control. The result is that all nodes in the treeview will have checkboxes attached to them. In addition, the StateImages property cant be used anymore because the WC_TREEVIEW uses this imagelist internally to implement checkboxes. If you want to toggle the checkboxes, you will have to do that using SendMessage or the TreeView_SetItem / TreeView_GetItem macros from CommCtrl.pas. The WC_TREEVIEW only supports checkboxes, not radio buttons. The approach you are to discover in this article is a lot more flexible: you can have checkboxes and radio buttons mixed with other nodes any way you like without changing the TTreeview or create a new class from it to make this work. Also, you decide yourself what images to use for the checkboxes/radiobuttons simply by adding the proper images to the StateImages imagelist. Add a Check Box or Radio Button Contrary to what you might believe, this is quite simple to accomplish in Delphi. Here are the steps to make it work: Set up an image list (TImageList component on the Win32 component palette tab) for the TTreeview.StateImages property containing the images for the checked and unchecked state(s) for check boxes and/or radio buttons.Call the ToggleTreeViewCheckBoxes procedure (see below) in the OnClick and OnKeyDown events of the treeview. ToggleTreeViewCheckBoxes procedure alters the StateIndex of the selected node to reflect the current checked/unchecked state. To make your treeview even more professional, you should check where a node is clicked before toggling the stateimages: by only toggling the node when the actual image is clicked, your users can still select the node without changing its state. Additionally, if you dont want your users to expand/collapse the treeview, call the FullExpand procedure in the forms OnShow event and set AllowCollapse to false in the treeviews OnCollapsing event. Heres the implementation of the ToggleTreeViewCheckBoxes procedure: procedure ToggleTreeViewCheckBoxes( Node :TTreeNode; cUnChecked, cChecked, cRadioUnchecked, cRadioChecked :integer);var tmp:TTreeNode;beginif Assigned(Node) thenbeginif Node.StateIndex cUnChecked then Node.StateIndex : cChecked else if Node.StateIndex cChecked then Node.StateIndex : cUnChecked else if Node.StateIndex cRadioUnChecked thenbegin tmp : Node.Parent; if not Assigned(tmp) then tmp : TTreeView(Node.TreeView).Items.getFirstNode else tmp : tmp.getFirstChild; while Assigned(tmp) dobeginif (tmp.StateIndex in [cRadioUnChecked,cRadioChecked]) then tmp.StateIndex : cRadioUnChecked; tmp : tmp.getNextSibling; end; Node.StateIndex : cRadioChecked; end; // if StateIndex cRadioUnCheckedend; // if Assigned(Node)end; (*ToggleTreeViewCheckBoxes*) As you can see from the code above, the procedure starts off by finding any checkbox nodes and just toggling them on or off. Next, if the node is an unchecked radio button, the procedure moves to the first node on the current level, sets all the nodes on that level to cRadioUnchecked (if they are cRadioUnChecked or cRadioChecked nodes) and finally toggles Node to cRadioChecked. Notice how any already checked radio buttons are ignored. Obviously, this is because an already checked radio button would be toggled to unchecked, leaving the nodes in an undefined state. Hardly what you would want most of the time. Heres how to make the code even more professional: in the OnClick event of the Treeview, write the following code to only toggle the checkboxes if the stateimage was clicked (theà cFlatUnCheck,cFlatChecked etc constants are defined elsewhere as indexes into the StateImages image list): procedure TForm1.TreeView1Click(Sender: TObject);var P:TPoint;begin GetCursorPos(P); P : TreeView1.ScreenToClient(P); if (htOnStateIcon in TreeView1.GetHitTestInfoAt(P.X,P.Y)) then ToggleTreeViewCheckBoxes( TreeView1.Selected, cFlatUnCheck, cFlatChecked, cFlatRadioUnCheck, cFlatRadioChecked);end; (*TreeView1Click*) The code gets the current mouse position, converts to treeview coordinates and checks if the StateIcon was clicked by calling the GetHitTestInfoAt function. If it was, the toggling procedure is called. Mostly, you would expect the spacebar to toggle checkboxes or radio buttons, so heres how to write the TreeView OnKeyDown event using that standard: procedure TForm1.TreeView1KeyDown( Sender: TObject; var Key: Word; Shift: TShiftState);beginif (Key VK_SPACE) and Assigned(TreeView1.Selected) then ToggleTreeViewCheckBoxes( TreeView1.Selected, cFlatUnCheck, cFlatChecked, cFlatRadioUnCheck, cFlatRadioChecked);end; (*TreeView1KeyDown*) Finally, heres how the forms OnShow and the Treeviews OnChanging events could look like if you wanted to prevent collapsing of the treeviews nodes: procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);begin TreeView1.FullExpand;end; (*FormCreate*)procedure TForm1.TreeView1Collapsing( Sender: TObject; Node: TTreeNode; var AllowCollapse: Boolean);begin AllowCollapse : false;end; (*TreeView1Collapsing*) Finally, to check whether a node is checked you simply do the following comparison (in a Buttons OnClick event handler, for example): procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);var BoolResult:boolean; tn : TTreeNode;beginif Assigned(TreeView1.Selected) thenbegin tn : TreeView1.Selected; BoolResult : tn.StateIndex in [cFlatChecked,cFlatRadioChecked]; Memo1.Text : tn.Text #13#10 Selected: BoolToStr(BoolResult, True); end;end; (*Button1Click*) Although this type of coding cannot be regarded as mission-critical, it can give your applications a more professional and smoother look. Also, by using the checkboxes and radioà buttons judiciously, they can make your application easier to use. They sure will look good! This image below was taken from a test app using the code described in this article. As you can see, you can freely mix nodes having checkboxes or radioà buttons with those that have none, although you shouldnt mix empty nodes with checkbox nodes (take a look at the radio buttons in the image) as this makes it very hard to see what nodes are related.
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